Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Attitude Control Scheme for Spacecraft with Actuator Faults

An active fault tolerant control scheme is investigated for the attitude control systems of spacecraft with external disturbance and actuator faults by using the sliding mode technique. Firstly,the dynamic equations and kinematic equations of spacecraft are given. For the dynamic mode of spacecraft in faulty case,a fault diagnosis component is used for fault detection and estimation by using a nonlinear observer. According to the fault estimation information obtained during the fault diagnosis,the fault tolerant control scheme is developed by adopting the backstepping sliding mode control technique. Meanwhile,the Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of the closed-loop attitude systems. Finally,simulation results for the attitude dynamics models show the feasibility of the proposed fault tolerant scheme.     

HCKF性能评估及其在传递对准中的应用

针对高阶容积卡尔曼滤波(HCKF)算法在传递对准中的应用问题，提出综合运用多变量函数泰勒级数展开和计算复杂度分析的性能评估方法。基于高阶球面-径向容积准则建立HCKF算法模型，并对其估计精度和计算量进行量化和对比分析：HCKF具有5阶泰勒级数展开精度且计算复杂度为O(n 4)，综合性能优于高斯厄米特积分滤波(GHQF)和无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)。将三种非线性滤波算法应用到舰机大失准角传递对准系统中，摇摆台试验结果表明：HCKF的估计精度比UKF高17%，计算量比GHQF小2个数量级，与HCKF性能评估结果一致。     

外挂武器对无人直升机纵向气动特性影响研究

针对外挂武器对无人直升机纵向气动特性影响的问题,采用雷诺时均Navier-Stokes(Reynolds average Navier-Stokes,RANS)方法对加装武器系统前后,不同前飞速度、武器安装角和挂载状态下的气动特性进行了数值计算。然后将大速度前飞状态时的气动特性与加装外挂武器之前的风洞试验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用悬臂梁外挂方式加装武器对阻力有显著影响,前飞速度和武器发射安装角变化对纵向气动特性几乎没有影响。外挂武器安装位置和数量变化对无人直升机的纵向气动特性影响很小。研究结果可为武装无人直升机选择合适的武器外挂和发射方式提供参考。     

Postcapture stabilization of space robots considering actuator failures with bounded torques

Space robotics is regarded as one of the most impressing approaches for space debris removal missions. Due to the residual momentum of debris, it is essential to stabilize the base rapidly after capture. This paper presents a novel control strategy for stabilization of a space robot in postcapture considering actuator failures and bounded torques. In the control strategy, the motion of the manipulator is not regarded as a disturbance to the base; in contrast, it is utilized to compensate for the limitation of the control torques by means of an inverse dynamical model of the system. Different scenarios where actuators are external mechanisms or momentum exchange devices have been carried out, and for actuator failures, both single- and two-actuator failures have been considered. Regarding to the performance of actuators, control torques are bounded. In cases that either single or two actuators have failed, the base can be stabilized kinematically when actuators are external mechanisms, but can only be stabilized dynamically when only momentum exchange devices are used. Finally, a space robot with a seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator in postcapture is studied to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed control scheme. Simulation results show that the whole system can be stabilized rapidly.     

机载蒸发循环系统动态仿真

从部件的数学模型出发,根据闭环系统各部件的耦合关系,建立了机载蒸发循环系统的动态数学模型。对充注R142b的机载蒸发循环系统进行了动态仿真,仿真数据与试验数据基本吻合,仿真方法可靠,可以作为机载蒸发循环系统优化及系统控制的依据。     

国外大型对流层飞艇发展现状、特点与趋势

美国、德国等发达国家在大型对流层飞艇研发、应用等方面一直处于世界先进水平。介绍了目前国外大型对流层飞艇的发展现状,分析了现有大型对流层飞艇的发展特点、关键技术与未来的发展趋势。未来,大型对流层飞艇将主要向长航时、大载重、多功能、一体化等方向发展。     

飞行器热防护与利用一体化系统实验与模拟

通过设计一种基于主动冷却的点阵桁架结构,在降低飞行器质量的同时,实现有效的热防护效果,并在该结构中加入半导体温差发电装置,将产生的气动热转化为电能,可用于飞行器小型用电设备供电.对该热防护与利用一体化系统进行了实验研究.在不同工况下,温差发电功率远大于主动冷却系统的泵功消耗,可实现主动冷却系统的自驱动.通过添加管内表面...     

变构型航天器参数化前处理方法

针对变构型航天器结构不固定的问题,基于VC 6.0软件对Trail及Session进程文件开发的方式,研究了利用Pro/E及Patran软件对航天器进行参数化建模及网格划分的具体操作方法,通过IGES中间文件的形式,将Pro/E及Patran相连接,利用VC开发工具建立了一套变构型航天器参数化前处理平台。采用两舱构型航天器对参数化前处理方法及平台进行了验证,结果表明:该参数化建模及网格划分方法切实可行,可为变构型航天器的静力学、动力学、热、结构等分析过程的前处理方法提供参考。     

微量Sc和Zr对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织和性能的影响

研究了添加微量Sc和Zr对系列Al-Mg-Mn合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：微量Sc和Zr添加到Al-Mg-Mn合金中，热轧态合金的拉伸强度和屈服强度分别提高了75MPa-90MPa和90MPa-94MPa；经冷轧后340℃／1h稳定化退火，合金拉伸强度和屈服强度分别增加了85MPa-95MPa和90MPa。100MPa，而延伸率仍保持在11％-12％；并能显著细化合金的铸态晶粒，强烈抑制合金的热轧态和板材冷轧后退火过程中的再结晶，晶粒组织成纤维状；使合金强化的机制为晶粒细化强化、亚结构强化和铝钪锆化合物粒子引起的析出强化。     

空间前方交会法及其在测试技术中的应用

分析了空间前方交会法的基本原理，建立了相关的理论模型，并在实验室的条件下严格测试了这种方法的测量精度；探讨了空间前方交会法在位置检测系统的测试过程中应用，详细地给出了测试的步骤以及测试数据的分析处理结果。